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Danube Labs

Insights

Notes from the work.

Practical guides on AI coding agents, LLM costs, websites and custom software: what we built, what it cost and what we would do differently.

9 min read

Hosted or self-hosted for a client project: how to decide

For a client project, hosted or self-hosted is a decision about duties, not taste. Six questions about data location, restore, patching, handover and exit, with the honest cases on each side.

  • Business
  • Developer tools
  • 9 min read

    Self-Hosting a Database: Personal vs Production

    Running your own PostgreSQL is reasonable for a side project and a real commitment for a business. The software is the same; the duties are not.

    • Databases
    • Developer tools
  • 7 min read

    Supabase for free: hosted, local or self-hosted

    Supabase can cost nothing hosted, locally or on your own server, but each option asks for something different. Here are the real limits, the self-hosting work, and how PocketBase, Appwrite and Nhost compare.

    • Databases
    • Developer tools
    • Open source
  • 7 min read

    Back Up a Local Database Before You Change It

    A local Supabase reset takes seconds and discards everything that is not in a migration. Here is what a dump does and does not contain, and a routine you can restore.

    • Databases
    • Developer tools
  • 8 min read

    Row-Level Security in Supabase: Test It Before You Ship

    In Supabase the database is reachable through an API, so row-level security is the access control. Here is what it does, the mistake that exposes a table, and how to test a policy as anon and as a signed-in user.

    • Databases
    • Security
  • 8 min read

    Running Several Supabase Projects on One Machine

    A second local Supabase project collides on the same ports, and hand-offset ports drift away from your app config. See what the CLI now assigns and what it costs.

    • Databases
    • Developer tools
  • 7 min read

    Supabase Migrations: Schema Changes as Files

    A schema change belongs in a file that every environment applies the same way. Here is how Supabase migrations are created, applied, reset and reviewed, and why a change made in Studio is not one yet.

    • Databases
    • Developer tools
  • 9 min read

    Read-Aloud Pages: Audio as Accessibility, Not an Extra

    An audio version of a long page now costs minutes to produce, which makes it an accessibility measure rather than a premium feature. Who it helps, what the EAA asks and how to build it.

    • Accessibility
    • Web development
  • 8 min read

    Building a Fintech Demo That Survives a Code Review

    A demo becomes a handout when nobody can run its tests. Here are the money invariants worth asserting, and the scaffolding that lets a reviewer clone the repository and watch the ledger prove itself.

    • Fintech
    • Web development
  • 8 min read

    Voice Cloning Needs Consent, Not Just a Licence

    A voice can be cloned from five seconds of audio. The hard part is consent: what a donator must agree to, what the AI Act makes you disclose, and which records answer the question later.

    • AI
    • Privacy
  • 9 min read

    Who Owns an AI-Assisted Manuscript in the EU?

    EU copyright protects works of human authorship, so a machine-only manuscript may have no owner at all. The practical question is what record proves your contribution, and what Article 50 asks you to disclose.

    • AI
    • Business
  • 9 min read

    Anatomy of an Autonomous Security Agent

    An autonomous security agent is an architecture problem before it is a model problem. Written scope, proof of authorisation, allowlists, evidence and human sign-off decide whether the work is lawful.

    • Security
    • AI
  • 8 min read

    The Blind-Reader Test for AI-Assisted Fiction

    You cannot judge prose you watched being generated. Remove the identifying marks, write the failure rubric before reading, use two readers, and keep the verdict in a file.

    • AI
    • Writing
  • 9 min read

    Local Text-to-Speech in 2026: Quality, Cost and Privacy

    Cloud TTS bills per character and sends your text away. Local models now clear the bar for narration, so the real choice is hardware, quality and convenience. We compare F5-TTS, GPT-SoVITS, XTTS, Piper and Kokoro, and test what Romanian actually needs.

    • AI
    • Privacy
  • 9 min read

    Prompt Injection Is the New SQL Injection

    Every business that adds a chatbot or an agent now owns an input-validation problem it did not have. What prompt injection is, how it differs from a jailbreak, and which architectural fixes limit the damage.

    • Security
    • AI
  • 9 min read

    A Security Reading List That Stays Useful

    Security reading lists rot faster than any other kind. We publish the method we use to judge, prune and date one, plus fifteen entries checked in October 2026.

    • Security
  • 7 min read

    Client Accounts Do Not Belong in Your Main Browser

    A shared browser profile puts every client session in one cookie jar, under extensions that can read them all. Here is what a stolen session grants, and what real isolation means.

    • Security
    • Privacy
    • Developer tools
  • 9 min read

    Your Config File Is an API, So Treat It Like One

    A config file has callers, a contract and a failure mode. Validate it before the write, replace it atomically, control concurrent writers, keep history and explain every key.

    • Web development
    • Automation
  • 8 min read

    Double-Entry Ledgers, Explained for Developers

    A balance column drifts the moment two writers touch it. Store the entries, derive the balance, lock the row inside the transaction, and correct mistakes with reversals instead of edits.

    • Fintech
    • Web development
  • 8 min read

    Getting Paid in Romania in 2026: The Practical Map

    Bank transfer, Romanian card processors, Stripe and SEPA for a small SRL, with the fees we could verify today and the reconciliation work that decides whether the month closes.

    • Fintech
    • Business
    • Small business
  • 7 min read

    Why AI novels fall apart at chapter nine

    Long-form AI fiction does not fail because of a bad prompt. It fails when the context is compacted and the story's state disappears. Files, gates and a small script fix it.

    • AI
    • Writing
  • 9 min read

    Claude Max Weekly Limit: Our Usage Fell by Half in September 2026

    Claude Max weekly limit, measured: our Max 5x account, capped every week, used 48% to 82% less after Opus 5.5 arrived. One account only. See the data, the method and what Anthropic has published.

    • Claude Code
    • Subscriptions
    • Cost optimisation
  • 7 min read

    AI News September 2026: Models, Prices, Deals and Rules

    AI news September 2026 in one page: new OpenAI, Anthropic and Google models, lower API prices, two big acquisitions and a safety scare after AI agents left test environments. Every item is sourced.

    • AI news
    • AI
    • Regulation
  • 7 min read

    AI Coding Subscriptions Compared: Prices and Limits 2026

    A table of AI coding subscriptions compared as of 4 October 2026: monthly price, models, usage limits as each vendor states them, supported tools and terms for third-party use.

    • AI
    • Subscriptions
    • Pricing
  • 8 min read

    Zero Data Retention in AI Routers: Does ZDR Survive Every Hop?

    Zero data retention means a provider stores neither your prompt nor the answer. Through a router the promise must hold at every hop. Here is what OpenRouter, OpenCode and Command Code document as of 4 October 2026.

    • Security
    • AI
    • LLM
  • 8 min read

    EU AI Act Small Business Guide: What to Do in 2026

    The EU AI Act small business rules in 2026: which dates moved after the omnibus, what tool users must do, when to label AI content, and the fines as written.

    • Regulation
    • Small business
    • AI
  • 6 min read

    Best AI Coding Plan for Your Usage: Monthly Costs (2026)

    The best AI coding plan depends on your monthly calls. Six usage profiles priced at API list prices and matched to published plan allowances, with the arithmetic and when to switch.

    • AI
    • Cost optimisation
    • Subscriptions
  • 7 min read

    OpenRouter vs Direct API: When an AI Router Is Worth It

    A router gives you one key, one bill and many models. A direct API gives you one contract and fewer parties. See how OpenRouter, OpenCode, Command Code and a local gateway differ, checked 4 October 2026.

    • AI
    • LLM
    • Developer tools
  • 7 min read

    e-Factura Romania: Who Must Use It, Deadlines and Fines

    e-Factura Romania explained: who must send invoices through RO e-Factura, the 5 working-day deadline, how SPV works, common errors and the fines in the law. Checked on 4 October 2026.

    • Regulation
    • Small business
    • Guides
  • 6 min read

    OpenCode Go Review: Plans, Limits, Command Code, Charm Hyper

    OpenCode Go costs $10 a month, Command Code starts at $1 with a $10 GOAT plan, and Charm Hyper (called HyperCharm in some tools) sells credits. Prices, limits and caveats as of 4 October 2026.

    • AI
    • Developer tools
    • Subscriptions
  • 7 min read

    Best Open Weight Coding Models in October 2026

    The best open weight coding models on 4 October 2026, ranked with dated scores, licences, hardware needs and Claude Code setup for local and hosted use.

    • Open models
    • Developer tools
    • Open source
  • 7 min read

    AI Adoption in Romania: Where SMEs Stand in 2026

    AI adoption in Romania: 5.21% of enterprises used AI in 2025, the lowest share in the EU. Eurostat data, first use cases, costs, GDPR, the AI Act and verified funding.

    • AI
    • Small business
    • Automation
  • 7 min read

    Does ChatGPT Use My Data for Training? Privacy Settings Guide

    On personal plans, ChatGPT may train on your chats unless you opt out. Compare ChatGPT, Gemini, Claude, Copilot and others: training defaults, opt-outs, temporary chats and retention, checked 4 October 2026.

    • AI
    • Security
    • Guides
  • 8 min read

    Cybersecurity for Small Business: The 10 Steps That Matter

    Cybersecurity for small business starts with ten habits: unique passwords, 2FA, payment checks, updates, tested 3-2-1 backups and an incident plan. Checklist and Romanian contacts included.

    • Security
    • Small business
    • Guides
  • 7 min read

    AI Agents ROI: A Practical Formula for Your Business

    AI agents ROI comes down to time saved times loaded cost, minus tokens, review and maintenance. A formula, a worked example, a pilot method and when not to automate.

    • AI
    • Automation
    • Business
  • 7 min read

    AI for Students: How to Study With AI Without Cheating

    AI for students works as a tutor, not a ghostwriter. See what ASE and other Romanian universities allow, how to self-test, check sources, cite AI use and prompt it like a tutor.

    • AI
    • Productivity
    • Guides
  • 7 min read

    Website Cost in Romania in 2026: Real Price Ranges

    Website cost in Romania in 2026 runs from about €200 for a template to €10,000 for an online shop. See the ranges by site type and what drives the price.

    • Websites
    • Pricing
    • Small business
  • 6 min read

    Claude Code Free: What Is Actually Free and What Is Not

    Claude Code is free to install, but the model is what costs money. These are the real free routes, local models, free tiers and gateways, and what you give up.

    • Claude Code
    • Cost optimisation
    • Open source
  • 9 min read

    Prompt Caching Explained for Claude Code and Long AI Sessions

    Prompt caching lets an LLM reuse the part of your prompt that has not changed and bill it at a fraction of the input price. Here is how the cache, its 5-minute and 1-hour TTL, and keep-alive pings work.

    • AI
    • Claude Code
    • Cost optimisation
  • 7 min read

    Claude Subscription vs API for Coding: How to Choose

    Claude subscription vs API comes down to how steady your usage is. See how each is billed, how the cache TTL differs, what drives Claude Code cost and how to track it.

    • Claude Code
    • Pricing
    • Cost optimisation
  • 7 min read

    Local Whisper Transcription on Your Own PC, Step by Step

    Local Whisper transcription keeps your audio on your own computer. Convert to 16 kHz mono with FFmpeg, run faster-whisper on a GPU or CPU, and export TXT, SRT or VTT, with speaker labels from pyannote.

    • AI
    • Speech to text
    • Open source
  • 8 min read

    Claude Code Session History, Transcripts and How to Keep Them

    Claude Code keeps session history as JSONL files and deletes them after 30 days by default. Learn where they live, how to change cleanupPeriodDays, fix a broken resume and archive everything.

    • Claude Code
    • Developer tools
    • Open source
  • 8 min read

    Translate Word Document with AI and Keep Formatting

    To translate a Word document with AI and keep the formatting, extract the text run by run, translate it in chunks with context, and write it back into the same runs. PDFs need extraction or OCR first.

    • AI
    • Translation
    • Automation
  • 7 min read

    Manage Multiple Vercel Accounts Without Logging Out

    Give every Vercel, Netlify, Cloudflare, Supabase or Gmail account its own isolated browser session and you can switch without logging out. Here are the options, the security trade-offs and the rules to check.

    • Developer tools
    • Productivity
    • Security
  • 7 min read

    Train YOLOv8 on Custom Dataset With Real Metrics and Lessons

    A step-by-step YOLOv8 custom training walkthrough with real results: 0.84 precision, 0.50 recall and 0.59 mAP@50. Learn what low recall means and why more varied data helped more than a bigger model.

    • Computer vision
    • Machine learning
    • AI
  • 2 min read

    A simple way to decide what to automate first

    Small teams do not lack automation ideas, they lack a way to rank them. A one-page scoring method we use in consulting engagements.

    • Automation
    • Consulting
    • Operations
  • 2 min read

    How we cut LLM costs by 99% without hurting quality

    Most AI features are expensive because nobody measured them. Here is the routing, caching and prompt work that took one production workload from thousands to tens of dollars a month.

    • AI
    • LLM
    • Cost optimisation